Orthodontics

The science that has as a purpose to make the prevention, identification and resolution of alterations of the teeth by means of the installation of forces and diverse appliances, fixed or removable is orthodontics.

The orthodontic appliances can be used to restore the position or malocclusion of the teeth, in people of any age, although it is important to mention that the best results occur in children who have temporary teeth.

During the stage of childhood is possible to identify some pathologic abnormalities that can be corrected in a way more easy with devices that are removable, thus making then be easier to fix with fixed appliances.

Indications for Orthodontic treatment

It is recommended that when the child is seven years of age can make the first visit to the orthodontist, although there are certain problems that must be treated at younger ages.

It is important to mention that, depending on the type of treatment to be performed, the patient's age and the complexity of the same, it is estimated that an orthodontic treatment can last approximately between 12 and 36 months.

Now perform this type of treatment in adults. In the same way can be made using appliances, fixed or removable, depending on the problem you need to troubleshoot.

These appliances are manufactured with items that can be metal or transparent, the latter of which are designed to obtain a better aesthetic quality and that the adult does not preclude the normal performance of his daily life.

Alterations that addresses the Orthodontic

Some people have the belief that orthodontics has no other purpose than to move the teeth only to generate an aesthetic improvement, and nothing could be further from reality, since this treatment can improve many functional disorders of the system oronasal.

Also, it can help to prevent and treat bad dental position and the disharmony of the face, among other alterations include:

• Malposed tooth: go to the orthodontics at the time that the crown of a tooth is displaced seriously its position relevant.
• Incisors with bad angle: place devices fixed that help to correct the angle of the upper incisors, lower and both of them, all together.
• Premature loss of milk teeth: the moment that you lose a molar is viable that is required to place a ‘space maintainer’ so that the new tooth has its site retained.
• Overbite: the anterior teeth of the upper arch exceed the bite more than half of the height of the lower teeth, this is a problem of malocclusion type II, which can be solved in a certain way with orthodontics.

When this modification is a result of problems of the skeleton, it should be directed during childhood and adolescence, because in adulthood, the brackets will change only partially the position of the maxilla.

• Underbite: lower teeth are elongate in an exaggerated way forward or the upper is pulled too far back or forward the lower jaw.

It is possible correction with a expander that is set in the upper jaw to extend it and widens as it grows the jaw.

In some cases, it is used a face mask anti prognathism around the head to apply a force on the lower jaw that goes relocating on your site.

• Crossbite: one or several of the teeth of the upper arch is located behind the lower to the bite, it is simply your correction in children thanks to an expander fixed on the palate.

This is going widened progressively every day with a wrench until the bone is fixed. In adults, it may be mandatory to attend this type of orthodontic corrective surgery.

• Open bite: when the upper and lower teeth are not hidden, and generates a gap between them to make the bite, you can use an expander in children as a preventive measure.

You can also use appliances and braces in adolescents, but it is possible the need to resort to surgery in the case of adults.

• Teeth rotated: orthodontics is able to make movements turned to place the tooth in a precise way.
• Displaced midline: use the brackets to harmonize the middle line of the upper teeth with the middle line of the lower.
• Excessive space between teeth: orthodontic appliances fixed manage to close the space by moving in to block the entire tooth, including both the crown as the root.
• Crowding of the teeth: this is a procedure more aesthetic, in which it is feasible to use the orthodontic treatment in order to bring the teeth, or to the shape of the face to a more normal position.
• Problems with speech: these devices can solve problems with speech, that is to say, the difficulty to pronounce certain phonemes correctly, caused by projection of the jaw, anterior open bite, swelling of the incisors of the upper part, overbite side, removal of upper molars.
• Mouth breathing: a plate vestibular which makes it impossible for the patient to perform the breathing through the mouth can be of great help in the treatment, this will determine an otolaryngologist for these cases.
• Sleep Apnea: there are some opportunities in which this disorder is the result of an alteration of the occlusion when the development of the lower jaw has not been normal, so that the use of the orthodontics to fix the bite can help in this disorder.
• Problems of articulation of the jaw: it may sometimes be useful the use of mouth guards or bite, also known as splints or appliances.

Their effectiveness varies greatly among patients suffering from disorders of the muscles and the joint, which can affect the joints and chewing muscles that connect the lower jaw to the skull.

Your symptoms are difficulty or discomfort when biting or chewing, popping, or grating sound when opening or closing the mouth; facial pain deaf in the face; and headaches or ear sensitivity or locking of the jaw.